From the outset of hostilities in October 1899 to the signing of peace on 31 May 1902 the war claimed the lives of 22,000 imperial soldiers and 7,000 republican fighters. [109] In 1895 there was an investment boom in Witwatersrand gold-mining shares. [67] Members of this mixed-race community formed the core of what was to become the Griqua people. [143], General Jan Smuts was the only important non-British general whose advice was constantly sought by Britain's war-time Prime Minister Winston Churchill. The first modern humans are believed to have inhabited South Africa more than 100,000 years ago. Retief Afrikaans Afrikaans form of Rtif. CS3012.U5 South Africa 12. Sotho-speakers know this period as the difaqane ("forced migration"); Zulu-speakers call it the mfecane ("crushing"). Luter South African. From the 1830s onwards, numbers of white settlers from the Cape Colony crossed the Orange River and started arriving in the fertile southern part of territory known as the Lower Caledon Valley, which was occupied by Basotho cattle herders under the authority of the Basotho founding monarch Moshoeshoe I. The armed incursion became known as the Jameson Raid. Barend-van Haeften, Marijke; Paasman, Bert: Delmas, Adrien, 'The Role of Writing in the First Steps of the Colony: A Short Enquiry in the Journal of Jan van Riebeeck, 16521662', in. The country became a fully sovereign nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. [142] A number of South African fighter pilots served with distinction in the Royal Air Force during the Battle of Britain, including Group Captain Adolph "Sailor" Malan who led 74 Squadron and established a record of personally destroying 27 enemy aircraft. Infographic: Top African Surnames Rich In History And Culture Most Popular African Last Names Or Surnames 1. The Zulu resulted in the mass movement of many tribes who in turn tried to dominate those in new territories, leading to widespread warfare and waves of displacement spread throughout southern Africa and beyond. Others said it was not relevant to the struggle for their rights. Ledwaba Southern African, South African, Zulu From Zulu meaning "rock". During the early-1990s, Poqo was renamed Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA). The British, who at that time controlled the area between the Orange and Vaal Rivers called the Orange River Sovereignty, decided a discernible boundary was necessary and proclaimed a line named the Warden Line, dividing the area between British and Basotho territories. Hetherington, Penelope. It was inhabited by Australopithecines since at least 2.5 million years ago. Waterboer, fearing conflict with the Boer republic of Orange Free State, subsequently asked for and received British protection. Many of the Natalia Boers who refused to acknowledge British rule trekked over the Drakensberg mountains to settle in the Orange Free State and Transvaal republics.[58]. Meaning: Spirit. Origin: Tswana, Southern African Meaning: Blessed one, blessings Alternative Spellings & Variations: Sego Famous Namesakes: Masego Ntshingane, Botswanan athlete Peak Popularity: Masego isn't a very popular name in the United States. The General Assembly had already suspended South Africa from the UN organisation on 12 November 1974. This position was rejected by many rural Afrikaners who supported the Maritz Rebellion. [41] Another theory attributes the epicentre of Zulu violence to the slave trade out of Delgoa Bay in Mozambique situated to the north of Zululand. Ransford, Oliver. [165] Strict censorship disallowed journalists from reporting, filming or photographing such incidents, while the government ran its own covert disinformation programme that provided distorted accounts of the extrajudicial killings. Last names come from indigenous, colonialist, and diasporic roots. This has been interpreted as the earliest example ever discovered of abstract art or symbolic art created by Homo sapiens. Most Common South African Surnames & Meanings Most Common Last Names In South Africa Forebears knows about 821,426 unique surnames in South Africa and there are 66 people per name. He eventually surrendered to a combined deputation of Boer and British forces on 2 December 1879. Nearly 9,000 were killed in action. Under the provisions of the act, the Union became an independent Dominion of the British Empire, governed under a form of constitutional monarchy, with the British monarch represented by a Governor-General. Abara - Origin: West African (Igbo). Like a window into their day-to-day life, South African census records can tell you where and how . The president is elected by the National Assembly and serves a term that expires at the next general election. Economically, South Africa supplied two-thirds of gold production in the British Empire, with most of the remainder coming from Australia. Magombo Swahili, African, Swazi (Rare) Meaning unknown, possibly related from the fore name of the same name. [127], Dissatisfaction with British influence in the Union's affairs reached a climax in September 1914, when impoverished Boers, anti-British Boers and bitter-enders launched a rebellion. Pages in category "Afrikaans-language surnames" The following 148 pages are in this category, out of 148 total. The civil rights struggle of Gandhi's Natal Indian Congress failed; until the 1994 advent of democracy, Indians in South Africa were subject to most of the discriminatory laws that applied to all non-white inhabitants of the country.[66]. He withdrew from the area and led his people northwards to what would later become the Matabele region of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). 77. Abara (Igbo origin) meaning "spirit". 1972. Abebe: The genesis of this Ethiopian name is Amharic, and it means 'flower' or 'blossom'. A significant number of the offspring from the white and slave unions were absorbed into the local proto-Afrikaans speaking white population. [175][176], In early-November 1975, immediately after Portugal granted independence to its former African colony of Angola, civil war broke out between the rival UNITA and MPLA movements. [137], During World War II, South Africa's ports and harbours, such as at Cape Town, Durban, and Simon's Town, were important strategic assets to the British Royal Navy. Smiths created objects of iron, copper and gold both for local decorative use and for foreign trade. [64], Over the next 50 years, 150,000 more indentured Indian servants and labourers arrived, as well as numerous free "passenger Indians," building the base for what would become the largest Indian diasporic community outside India. At the start of the war, Bank of England officials in London worked with South Africa to block gold shipments to Germany, and force mine owners to sell only to the British Treasury, at prices set by the Treasury. Van der Merwe is a common Afrikaans surname, derived from the Dutch van der Merwen ("from the Merwede"). The First Sekhukhune War of 1876 was conducted by the Boers, and the two separate campaigns of the Second Sekhukhune War of 1878/1879 were conducted by the British. [234] These also involved corruption related financial difficulties at some state owned enterprises such as Eskom and South African Airways that had a notable negative economic impact on the country's finances. Teboho m Southern African, Sotho. A movement known as the Torch Commando was formed in the 1950s, led by white war veterans who had fought fascism in Europe and North Africa during World War II, only to find fascism on the rise in South Africa when they returned home. du Toit is an Afrikaans surname of French origin, originally from Franois du Toit, a Huguenot who moved to South Africa in 1686. These are the 10 most common African American surnames according to the 2000 census: Williams: Williams is a patronymic of English origin of someone with a forebear named William. [167] The attacks were then falsely attributed by the government to "black-on-black" or factional violence within the communities. By 16 December, the fleet had passed the Great Fish River on the east coast of South Africa, where Dias had earlier turned back. 25,000 Black South Africans were recruited at the request of the British War Cabinet to serve as non-combatant labourers in the South African Native Labour Contingent (SANLC). The police and military who controlled the JMCs by the mid-1980s were endowed with influence in decision-making at every level, from the Cabinet down to local government. [7] The discoveries of diamonds and gold in the nineteenth century had a profound effect on the fortunes of the region, propelling it onto the world stage and introducing a shift away from an exclusively agrarian-based economy towards industrialisation and the development of urban infrastructure. [100] Revenue accruing to the Cape Colony from the Kimberley diamond diggings enabled the Cape Colony to be granted responsible government status in 1872, since it was no longer dependent on the British Treasury and hence allowing it to be fully self-governing in similar fashion to the federation of Canada, New Zealand and some of the Australian states. Following the Invasion of the Cape Colony by the British in 1795 and 1806, mass migrations collectively known as the Great Trek occurred during which the Voortrekkers established several Boer settlements on the interior of South Africa. [170], In early 2002, a planned military coup by a white supremacist movement known as the Boeremag (Boer Force) was foiled by the South African police. "[69] They were joined on their long journey by a number of San and Khoikhoi aboriginals, local African tribesmen, and also some white renegades. There are 3,000 census records available for the last name South African. These refugees and asylum seekers originated mainly from Zimbabwe, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia. Kholwa (Southern African origin), meaning "believe" and is found in both Ndebele and Zulu cultures. Meaning: 'Lion.' 3. [217], The immediate post-apartheid period was marked by an exodus of skilled, white South Africans amid crime related safety concerns. Abara: Originating from the Igbo group of West Africa, Abara means 'spirit'. On the night of 23/24 May 1842 British colonial forces attacked the Voortrekker camp at Congella. Eventually, in the 1830s, large numbers of Boers migrated in what came to be known as the Great Trek. The convention declared that apartheid was both unlawful and criminal because it violated the Charter of the United Nations. Boer Voortrekkers in 1838 established the Republic of Natalia in the surrounding region, with its capital at Pietermaritzburg. [199] From the 1960s onwards until 1989, MK carried out numerous acts of sabotage and attacks on military and police personnel. Lynx Southern African, English. [72] East Griqualand was subsequently annexed by Britain in 1874 and incorporated into the Cape Colony in 1879. [200] The Truth and Reconciliation Commission noted in 2003 that, despite the ANC's stated policy of attacking only military and police targets, "the majority of casualties of MK operations were civilians. [186] On 23 August 1981 South African troops again launched an incursion into Angola with collaboration and encouragement provided by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). South Africa's top-secret Special Signals Service played a significant role in the early development and deployment of radio detection and ranging (radar) technology used in protecting the vital coastal shipping route around southern Africa. Naidoo: A popular Indian surname in South Africa. Dingaan also attempted to establish relations with the British traders on the Natal coast, but events had started to unfold that would see the demise of Zulu independence. Census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your South African ancestors, such as occupation. On 12 March 1868, the British parliament declared the Basotho Kingdom a British protectorate and part of the British Empire. Most of the bodies were dumped in unmarked graves. 2. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. A given name may consist of only one name (the first name) or multiple names, in which case subsequent names are referred to as middle names. [96], The Crown Colony of Griqualand West was annexed into the Cape Colony in 1877, enacted into law in 1880. Eventually, van Riebeeck and the VOC began to make indentured servants out of the Khoikhoi and the San. [230][231][232] Notable corruption related scandals during this period included incidents of widespread state capture[233] often involving allegations against the Gupta family. Census records can tell you where and how Privacy Policy said it was not relevant to the for. By Homo sapiens believed to have inhabited South Africa more than 100,000 years ago can. 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