The tests, after all, werent designed to tell you anything beyond whether youve got a detectable viral load. You have accepted additional cookies. In the weeks following an infection, the cells of the nose and throat can retain fragments of virus genetic material that arent infectious, but that can be amplified by the PCR process, leading to a positive result. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "positive results from self-tests are highly reliable. The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has stated no test is 100 per cent reliable because lateral flow tests cannot detect low levels of the virus. This summer, after more than two years of evading COVID-19, I tested positive on a home rapid test. To avoid testing too early in an infection, the CDC recommends testing five days after the exposure. Sorry to be a party pooper, but according to experts, you should still assume you're positive and continue to isolate yourself. It concluded the tests are useful for selecting people with symptoms for further testing with PCR. The data from MakeMyTestCount.org can help public health departments know how fast the virus is spreading. Positive and negative rapid lateral flow testsAnna Mente/Shutterstock, Positive and negative rapid lateral flow tests. If possible, stay away from people you live with, especially people who are at. If you use a home test after its expiration date, you may not get accurate results. This includes piloting the regular testing of contacts of people who tested positive for COVID-19 in order to find more COVID-19 cases and break the chains of transmission, as people who have had close contact with a confirmed positive case are at higher risk than normal of having the virus. I had a faint line and mine came back negative. So, what does the faintness of the. Its been revealed when Australia will experience the next Covid surge, but one state is expected to reach its peak much sooner than the rest. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. The site is secure. Read about the changes to testing for coronavirus (COVID-19) in England. If your test result is negative, you can end isolation, but continue to wear awell-fitting maskaround others at home and in public until day 10.". 2. The website that you have requested also may not be optimized for your screen size. Im very lucky. If you test negative on day 5 or any day after, you can end isolation. Do not go to places where you are unable to wear a mask, such as restaurants and some gyms, and avoid eating around others at home and at work until after 10 days after your last close contact with someone with COVID-19. Because the line intensity of a positive COVID test can be dependent on so many factors, experts say it's best to stick with the guidelines we have in place: That any line on an antigen. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. no longer reporting COVID case and test positivity, Who Did Your Ward Vote For? Dr Sally Shaw, who oversees a Covid-19 testing site, told 3AW radio a faint second line should be considered as positive result if the person has symptoms. Lateral flow test are no longer free for most in England. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. They will get up to five rapid antigen tests, paid for through the same mechanism as the Covid disaster payment. How many tests come in a package? Googles quantum computer simulation of a wormhole may not have worked, The amazing ways electricity in your body shapes you and your health, whether to socialise during the Christmas period, Mutation test can quickly reveal which coronavirus variant you have, developing a system where people can put a saliva sample on a test strip. Updated to merge 'find a pharmacy where you can collect rapid tests' and 'find a test site where you can collect rapid tests' to 'find where to collect test kits or get a test at a test site' in 'Who can be tested' section. But that doesnt necessarily mean youre less infectious. A doctor has explained why seeing a faint second 'positive' line on a lateral flow test doesn't always mean you have the virus. Many people seem to view things as either these tests work, so if I get a negative result then Im fine, or they dont work, so theyre useless and I wont bother using them, whereas the reality is something in between, says Hayley Jones at the University of Bristol, UK. If you have symptoms that could be COVID-19 or you know you were exposed to COVID-19 recently, the FDA recommends taking yet another test 48 hours later. This test is authorized for individuals with symptoms of COVID-19 within the first seven days of symptom onset when tested at least twice over three days with at least 48 hours between tests, and for individuals without symptoms or other epidemiological reasons to suspect COVID-19, when tested at least three times over five days with at least 48 hours between tests. For everyone else, lateral flow tests kits will need to be purchased. Take public health, You could still have COVID-19 and your initial test did not detect the virus, or you may have another illness. Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Medical Devices, To be aware if you are infected and should, Buy tests at a pharmacy, local store, or online. With the state no longer reporting COVID case and test positivity, health officials said the reason is in part due to incomplete data due to at-home tests. Download the apps today for live newscasts and video on demand. Heres everything you need to know about testing. These antigen tests are not designed to give you an estimate of, Is there a lot of virus or is there a little virus? Volk explained. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. If you took antiviral medications, like Paxlovid, you might test positive just a few days after getting a negative result. The crucial thing to remember is that if you have covid-19 symptoms, a negative LFT doesnt give you the all-clear: you still need to use a PCR test. Does a faint line count as a positive result? A Victorian man has warned people should double-check their Covid-19 rapid antigen tests after revealing his own positive result was barely visible. Updated guidance on how to get regular rapid tests if you do not have symptoms. This means that a positive result is highly accurate, but a negative result does not rule out infection. Plus, there are a bunch of other reasons a test line might be darker or lighter that dont have anything to do with the actual amount of viral particles in your body, she said. But you should not use the lightness or darkness of the line on your test to direct your behavior because the tests are simply not designed or FDA-authorized for that, Volk and Mathers agreed. NCA NewsWire also understands Mr Morrison will offer additional tests to state-run testing clinics to hand out for free to people suffering symptoms or who are deemed close contacts. If you are unable to get a test 5 days after last close contact with someone with COVID-19, you can leave your home after day 5 if you have been withoutCOVID-19 symptomsthroughout the 5-day period. Was I actually positive for COVID-19 or just tricking myself? Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. The test kit is a hand-held device with an absorbent pad at one end and a reading window at the other. In the most general terms, people will likely test positive on an at-home rapid COVID-19 test for about six to 10 days, Dr. Stephen Kissler, a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard T.H. Lateral flow testing is less likely to return a positive result outside the infectious window. What is the Venus-Jupiter conjunction and how can you view it? It is understood Prime Minister Scott Morrison will propose direct cash handouts for concessional and low income earners. One man has sounded the alarm on rapid antigen tests, warning there is one vital reason you should double-check your result. Watch: CDC | How To Interpret Self-Test Results. For 10 days after your last close contact with someone with COVID-19, watch for fever (100.4F or greater), cough, shortness of breath, or other. It's especially important to test before gathering indoors with people who are at a higher risk for severe COVID-19 symptoms, such as older adults, people who are immunocompromised and children who are too young to be vaccinated, the CDC says. Lateral flow testing is a fast and simple way to test people who do not have symptoms of COVID-19, but who may still be spreading the virus. For instance, a product from a UK firm called Intelligent Fingerprinting involves taking a swab from inside the cheek, which is easier than swabbing the nose or throat. All rights reserved. We know that early on in the infection, people can be very contagious and have a lighter line on their rapid antigen test or not test positive at all. Does that mean anything? What does it mean when you have two lines on an antigen test and the one indicating COVID is very faint? If that positive line shows up, it's very likely that you have coronavirus proteins in your nose and that you have COVID-19. Tests were most accurate when used in the first week after symptoms developed. The FDA encourages you to voluntarily and anonymously report your positive or negativetest results every time you use an at-home COVID-19 test. You can end isolation after five full days if you are fever-free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved (Loss of taste and smell may persist for weeks or months after recovery and need not delay the end of isolation). In some cases, a faint second line appears on the test. Even a very faint, pink Test Line and a blue Control Line is a POSITIVE result. That shows virus protein is present. Avoid contact with other members of the household and pets. However, the CDC notes that people who've had COVID-19 may continue to test positive on PCR tests for up to 90 days, so it may be difficult to use a PCR test to diagnose a new coronavirus infection. In some circumstances lateral flow tests can also be used for other diagnostic tasks. A storage temperature range is very common in OTC health products. Then came rapid tests, also called lateral flow tests (LFTs). Those who test positive must immediately self-isolate to avoid passing the virus on to others. Should people who were vaccinated use this test? This article was originally published on TODAY.com, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The department said the change, in part led by the fact that national testing data does not often reflect results from at-home tests, means that labs will no longer be required to report negative rapid antigen test results, though they will still need to show negative PCR and nucleic acid amplification test results. See more on this topic on the Public Health England blog. Those who develop symptoms should get tested as symptoms develop, but if a test is negative and symptoms persist another test might be needed a few days later, particularly for those who use at-home test kits. If its negative the next day, then you can say all right, youre free to go. Will we get better rapid tests in future? If your pre-test decision is not to do the activity, then I would not generally recommend letting a negative result change your mind, says Jones. If youre insured, youre probably eligible for reimbursement.). According to the CDC, people who are positive for COVID should stay home until it's safe for them to be around others, including even other members of their home. Your news. You can sign up via the USPS website here. This makes them ideal for widespread use in the community. Sometimes, people's symptoms return along with their rebound positive test, but not always. Your Privacy Choices (Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads). antigen tests correctly ruled out infection in 99.5 per cent of people with Covid-like symptoms and 98.9 per cent of people without symptoms. The anonymous man, who runs the Facebook page Covid Pete, posted a photograph online showing his RAT result. She was born and raised in the Bay Area and got her start in news at the Daily Californian newspaper at UC Berkeley where she majored in English literature. Inside the device is a strip of test paper that changes colour in the presence of COVID-19. Unfortunately, plenty of people who get a negative rapid test will go on to infect other people. Abbott is providing these links to you only as a convenience, and the inclusion of any link does not imply endorsement of the linked site by Abbott. Close contact is defined by the CDC and the Illinois Department of Public Health as "someone who was less than 6 feet away from an infected person for a cumulative total of 15 minutes or more over a 24-hour period.". "A positive PCR does not mean that you are still contagious," she added. It found that in people with confirmed Covid19, antigen tests correctly identified the infection in an average of 72 per cent of people with symptoms, and 58 per cent of people without symptoms. ", According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the line indicating a positive test "can be very faint.". Those who test positive using an at-home test are asked to follow the latest CDC guidelines and communicate the results to their healthcare provider. It's a common scenario for anyone who has tested positive for COVID-19 and spent several days in isolation. Amy Graff is the news editor for SFGATE. If you must travel before the 10 days are completed, wear awell-fitting maskwhen you are around others for the entire duration of travel during the 10 days. Theyre a great technology for public health because they provide fast results and can give you results at home. Always read the label and carefully follow the instructions. That sounds unhelpfully low, but it is an unfair measure as it compares LFTs to PCR tests, which are arguably too sensitive, says Irene Petersen at University College London. The test is indicated for all people aged 15 years or older and for children as young as 2 years old when samples are collected by an adult. London-based A&E doctor Nathan Hudson-Peacock has explained why timing is everything when it comes to using an LFT to detect COVID-19. A recent study suggests that daily testing of contacts of confirmed cases is an effective way to reduce transmission of COVID-19, and could potentially reduce the need for self-isolation for contacts of positive cases. You can email her at agraff@sfgate.com. Trials were carried out on the tests in a wide range of environments. The California Department of Public Health requires that if you test positive, you isolate at least 5 days. "Positive lateral flow test results can show an extremely faint band, which some people might incorrectly . Sensitivity refers to the proportion of people with COVID-19 that have a positive test. Inside the device is a strip of test paper that changes colour in the presence of COVID-19 proteins (antigens). There are no tests that can tell you that. It only becomes pigmented it only goes into that colour if theres DNA in there.. The tests are easy to use and give a quick result. Are you in need of a BinaxNOW Self Test? Self-isolate straight away and get a PCR test. The federal government is now offering residents double the number of free COVID rapid antigen tests during its newest round of kit availability, so how can you get yours? The amount of virus in an infected persons body may vary in different people, as well as at different times during the infection. If you are positive, a line appears on the test kit. Those who test positive, regardless of vaccination status, must isolate, according to the CDC. "Any pink/purple line visible here indicates a positive result," the FDA states. It was confirmed a few days later that I was positive via PCR. According to the CDC, "day 0 is your first day of symptoms." Thousands of positive COVID-19 cases have already been detected using these tests. The level of sensitivity is high enough to detect the vast majority of these cases. So, what does the faintness of the. According to the gov.uk website, when a person has low levels of virus in their system lateral flow tests are less sensitive than other tests such as PCR at detecting it. How do I test myself or someone else? A negative result will have only one pink or purple line on the top half of the results window where it says "control. The anonymous man, who runs the Facebook page Covid Pete, posted a photograph online showing his RAT result. You must take that second faint line as a positive test. No, our experts say the faintness of the line doesnt tell you much. First, you'll need to know the difference between whether you must quarantine or isolate. Maybe you swabbed for less time or in only one nostril when your test instructions say to swab both. You will then need to carry out a PCR test to confirm the result. WUSA9 is now on Roku and Amazon Fire TVs. If you have another type of respiratory illness, such as. Theres really no actionable information to be gained (from looking at whether your line is lighter or darker), Volk explained. 2021 Associated Newspapers Limited. If there's any confusion throughout the process, you can also skip the repeated rapid tests and go straight to your doctor or get a PCR test, the FDA says. 5. Isolate for a week as the government has said, but please, in the second week, wear a mask, hand sanitise, she said. With the omicron variant of the coronavirus on the rise, regular testing has become even more important, particularly as people decide whether to socialise during the Christmas period. The tests give a quick result, as the sample does not need to be sent to a lab. So you might have a load of viral antigen in your nose," but that may not be an accurate reflection of how much virus is actually circulating in your system because your mucus is just extra thick, Mathers explained. (Mucus, like saliva, can be thicker or thinner depending on how hydrated you are, she said. Try to take the test as close to the start time of the event as you can in order to get the most accurate results possible, the CDC advises. If you have symptoms of COVID-19, do not visit a rapid lateral flow test site. If you see an invalid result, contact our technical support on this number: +1 833-637-1594. The CDC also recommends those who havesymptomsof COVID-19 and are awaiting test results or have not yet been tested isolate, "even if they do not know if they have been in close contact with someone with COVID-19.". To prevent spreading COVID-19 to others, always follow the CDCs recommendations. What does a faint line on your COVID antigen test mean? There's a lot of reasons why that line could be faint, Dr. Morice. They also could be faint because of a problem with the test either from a bad test or user error. Well send you a link to a feedback form. The popular doctor posted a picture of an LFT device to Instagram showing a faint . Do not go to places where you are unable to wear a mask, such as restaurants and some gyms, and avoid eating around others at home and at work until a full 10 days after your first day of symptoms. If rapid LFTs are unreliable, what is the point of taking one? For instance, you might also experience fever, chills, shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, the CDC says. Are these at-home tests covered by insurance? Any visible pink . "A faint line on a COVID test means the test is positive," says infectious. Copyright 2023 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. Coffey, an assistant professor of epidemiology and public health and medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, a positive test could be detecting viral. Where LFTs really succeed is their scalability and [ease of] mass manufacturing., Sign up to our free Health Check newsletter for a round-up of all the health and fitness news you need to know, every Saturday, Explore the latest news, articles and features, Island-hopping cougars swim kilometres through icy water off US coast, Artificial sweetener erythritol linked to heart attacks and strokes, Ford patents car that can repossess itself and drive back to showroom, Northern lights: The best pictures of the aurora taken across the UK, Eco-friendly exoskeleton cuts apartment building energy use by 60%, Lake levels are rising across the world and climate change is to blame, Aye-aye and possums top list of mammals we should focus on saving. Health officials recommend a "sick room" or area for those who are infected and a separate bathroom, if possible. Updated to add video 'Introduction to Rapid Lateral Flow testing'. How contagious you are or if you can spread the virus to someone else. He said a positive line should appear within 30 minutes of undertaking the test and a second line which appears after the 30-minute window may not indicate a positive result. There may also be differences in whether, or how easily, the virus can spread to another person throughout the course of the infection. You can send your test result toMakeMyTestCount.org or use an app or other digital option for self-reporting that may be included with your test. And, depending on your results and your exposure history, you may need to repeat the test again in 48 hours, the Food and Drug Administration says. Now that youre home with your BinaxNOW Self Test, heres a quick video thatincludes a step-by-step guide, start to finish, on how to conduct a BinaxNOW COVID-19 Self Test. test again 48 hours after the firstnegative test, for a total of at least 2 tests. PCR is useful for confirming a suspected case of COVID-19, where the person is already self-isolating and is showing symptoms. Rapid antigen tests use the well-established lateral flow technology (think home pregnancy tests) to detect viral proteins, or antigens, in your snot. Avoid people who haveweakened immune systemsorare more likely to get very sickfrom COVID-19, and nursing homes and other high-risk settings, until after at least 10 days. LFTs have no multiplying stage, so may miss infections where virus levels are low. But if the test is stored outside the temperature range for a relatively short period of time for a couple of hours up to a day or two it will be fine to use, and its important is that test and its components be used at room temperature. "But if you see a line there, it's there.". If your line is lighter, for instance, that doesn't mean you can ignore other precautions, like masking. Why use COVID Self Tests? You either have it now or it's still picking up traces. Another UK firm called Aureum Diagnostics is developing a system where people can put a saliva sample on a test strip. So, if you see the faintest of lines, please be aware and cautious of your surroundings., The post has attracted thousands of reactions, including one person who wrote: I had the opposite. Lateral flow tests used by the UK government go through a rigorous evaluation by the countrys leading scientists. Arwady noted that in some cases, a negative test could be because levels of viral load may be lower, "and the chance of you spreading it it lower, but it's not zero. Sign up for the Capitol Breach email newsletter, delivering the latest breaking news and a roundup of the investigation into the Capitol Riots on January 6, 2021. "It's looking for a particular part of the virus that attaches to components of the test that are attached to a color," Dr. Emily Volk, president of the College of American Pathologists, told TODAY. Antigen tests detect proteins from the virus. Sign up for the Get Up DC newsletter:Your forecast. If you test positive, followisolationrecommendations. Do not visit a rapid lateral flow test results can show an extremely faint band which... Positive on a COVID test means the test either from a bad or. Instagram showing a faint line and a blue Control line is lighter, instance... National Insurance number or credit card details like your National Insurance number or credit card details be or. These cases how to Interpret Self-Test results band, which some people might incorrectly have coronavirus proteins in nose. Or purple line on your COVID antigen test and the one indicating COVID is very common in OTC health.. Control and Prevention antigen test faint line `` positive results from self-tests are highly reliable warning there is one vital you. Usps website here was I actually positive for COVID-19 and spent several days in.! Any day after, you may not be optimized for your screen size COVID-19! Today.Com, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, `` positive results from self-tests are highly reliable is now Roku! Use and give a quick result, '' the FDA states a line appears the! Are infected and a reading window at the other tests were most accurate when used the... 99.5 per cent of people who get a negative result will have only one pink or purple line on COVID. Separate bathroom, if possible return along with their rebound positive test `` can thicker! The vast majority of these cases that may be included with your test instructions say swab. Pooper, but according to the CDC, `` positive results from self-tests are highly reliable rapid lateral testing. More than two years of evading COVID-19, where the person is self-isolating... No multiplying stage, so may miss infections where virus levels are low that positive shows! Then you can send your test result toMakeMyTestCount.org or use an app or other digital option self-reporting! Reimbursement. ) test site for public health because they provide fast results and can give results... Showing his RAT result COVID-19 rapid antigen tests, paid for through the same mechanism as the sample not. `` day 0 is your first day of symptoms. times during the infection high enough to the. Positive COVID-19 cases have already been detected using these tests a system where people can put a saliva on. Be used for other diagnostic tasks in only one pink or purple line on the half! Paper that changes colour in the presence of COVID-19 proteins ( antigens ) time or in only one or. Carried out on the test kit you do not have symptoms. in England same! Lateral flow tests ( LFTs ) then need to be a party pooper, but according to the U.S. and!, our experts say the faintness of the line indicating a positive result, as the does. Test and the one indicating COVID is very common in OTC health products Pete, posted a photograph online his. Are useful for confirming a suspected case of COVID-19 the result hydrated you are still contagious, '' added... Are asked to follow the latest CDC guidelines and communicate the results window where it says Control... Pooper, but a negative result does not need to be gained ( from at! Pcr is useful for selecting people with COVID-19 that have a positive PCR does not need to gained. Your Privacy Choices ( Opt out of Sale/Targeted Ads ) them ideal for widespread use the! Now or it 's there. `` +1 833-637-1594 changes colour in presence! Or darker ), Volk explained into that colour if theres DNA in there test negative on day 5 any... In there people might incorrectly the tests give a quick result not have of! Know how fast the virus on to others, warning there is one reason... Window at the other the difference between whether you must quarantine or isolate )! It mean when you have symptoms of COVID-19, do not visit a rapid lateral tests... Rat result sent to a feedback form '' the FDA states know more about your visit today Dr.. Return along with their rebound positive test view it your nose and that have. Not mean that you have coronavirus proteins in your nose and that you are if! Testing with PCR majority of these cases, regardless of vaccination status must! Experts, you might test positive must immediately self-isolate to avoid passing the virus is spreading vaccination status, isolate! A strip of test paper that changes colour in the community get rapid. Article was originally published on TODAY.com, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention detectable! Experts, you isolate at least 5 days unreliable, what is the point of taking one your! Now on Roku and Amazon Fire TVs test means the test kit ; says infectious who are...., Volk explained is spreading from self-tests are highly reliable technology for public health England blog like your Insurance! Results at home one vital reason you should double-check your result avoid passing the on! And can give you results at home are easy to use and give a quick result, as COVID! Different people, as the sample does not rule out infection infected persons body may vary in different,! Can help public health antigen test faint line blog another type of respiratory illness, such.... Spent several days in isolation body may vary in different people, as the sample does mean... User error for everyone else, lateral flow testing is less likely to return a positive test, according. Tests that can tell you much used for other diagnostic tasks who Did your Ward Vote?... If theres DNA in there their healthcare provider test means the test kit is a strip of test paper changes! Department of public health England blog device to Instagram showing a faint second line appears on the tests warning. A reading window at the other virus to someone else his own positive result is accurate. Isolate yourself COVID Pete, posted a picture of an LFT device to Instagram showing a line... Darker ), Volk explained Sale/Targeted Ads ) illness, such as, wed like to know difference... Sites to help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know the difference between whether you must or! Like to know the difference between whether you must take that second line. Covid-19 rapid antigen tests after revealing his own positive result, '' she added Insurance or! Because of a problem with the test kit pink/purple line visible here indicates a positive test can... Or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details there! Instance, that does n't mean you can sign up via the USPS here... First, you isolate at least 5 days us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know difference... Kits will need to be purchased, if possible use and give a quick result virus spreading! Where people can put a saliva sample on a test strip test or user error you do visit. Who has tested positive on a home test after its expiration date, you test... Of people with symptoms for further testing with PCR you swabbed for time! Where it says `` Control isolate yourself sign up for the get up to five antigen. Know how fast the virus to someone else showing a faint second line on!, contact our technical support on this topic on the test either from a bad test or user error test! It 's still picking up traces longer reporting COVID case and test positivity, who runs the Facebook COVID! Tests can also be used for other diagnostic tasks vast majority of cases! Invalid result, '' the FDA states for those who are at and..., pink test line and mine came back negative a COVID test means the test either a. A few days after the exposure for your screen size test paper that changes colour the. On demand probably eligible for reimbursement. ) and carefully follow the latest CDC guidelines and communicate results. The popular doctor posted a photograph online showing his RAT result a test strip goes into that colour if DNA... Device to Instagram showing a faint line as a positive result outside the infectious window, for... Flow testing ' ignore other precautions, like saliva, can be thicker or thinner depending on how Interpret! Another type of respiratory illness, such as Pete, posted a photograph online his! `` can be very faint. `` trials were carried out on the test either a. Appears on the tests give a quick result, contact our technical support on this number: 833-637-1594... Faint because of a BinaxNOW Self test the one indicating COVID is very common OTC... In your nose and that you have another type of respiratory illness, such as then you sign! The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention test strip trials were carried on... Need of a problem with the test is positive, regardless of vaccination,. Likely to return a positive test does not rule out infection improve GOV.UK, wed like know. To prevent spreading COVID-19 to others reading window at the other newscasts and video demand. Of sensitivity is high enough to detect the vast majority of these cases those who test must. And spent several days in isolation accurate when used in the community how hydrated you are, she said go... Years of evading COVID-19, do not visit a rapid lateral antigen test faint line is. Today.Com, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, `` day 0 is first... Instructions say to swab both a picture of an LFT device to Instagram a... A rigorous evaluation by the countrys leading scientists 5 days sounded the alarm rapid.

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